Archive for October 29, 2009

Lauren Nemec | October 29, 2009
No comments

Happy Halloween from Applied Language Solutions

Happy Halloween from Applied Language Solutions

Happy Halloween from Applied Language Solutions

Across the USA, people are carving pumpkins, decorating their homes like haunted houses and stocking up on candy for trick-or-treaters in preparation for Halloween.

But Halloween is not just for children. Adults will enthusiastically don ridiculous costumes to attend Halloween parties.

They’ll compete with their neighbors to see who can turn their home into the scariest haunted house on the block; manicured lawns will be transformed into cemeteries, complete with spider webs, gravestones, spooky music, fog, and any other Halloween-themed novelty Wal-Mart can sell. Yes- in the United States, it seems Halloween has exploded into a major holiday, rivaling Christmas in its commercialism.

But how does the rest of the world celebrate?

In Ireland, where Halloween originated, adults and children dress up in costumes. Bonfires are lit to ward off evil spirits. The Irish make a traditional cake called “barmbrack”, inside which various objects are baked, telling the fortune of the person who gets the item in their piece. For example, a ring indicates a wedding in one’s future.

In Austria, some people will leave bread, water and a lighted lamp on the table before retiring on Halloween night. It is believed that these items welcome the dead souls back to earth on a night that Austrians consider magical.

In Mexico on Halloween night, children dress up for trick-or-treating while teens and adults throw costume parties. The Día de los Muertos (Day of the Dead) occurs the following two days, honoring the lives of the deceased and celebrating the continuation of life.

The traditions of the celebration differ across regions, but common elements include providing offerings for the departed, preparing special foods, lighting candles in honor of the departed, and spending time at deceased relatives’ grave sites.

China does not celebrate Halloween, but they have a similar celebration called the Ghost Festival, when Chinese families prepare feasts and leave empty seats at the table for their deceased family members. They burn things made of paper (for example, “Hell Money”) to remember the dead and bring comfort to the ghosts.

In Korea, the festival similar to Halloween is known as “Chusok.” It is at this time that families thank their ancestors for the fruits of their labor. The family pays respect to these ancestors by visiting their tombs and making offerings of rice and fruits. The “Chusok” festival takes place in the month of August.

Category: Translation | Tags:
Shane Grevin | October 23, 2009
No comments

ALS at HYSTA: 1300 Chinese Natives, 1 Anglo-Saxon and 1 Microsoft CEO

“Where are you going?” my wife asks as I head for the car at 6:30 AM on a Saturday morning. “To HYSTA’s 10th Anniversary Conference,” I reply, referring to the Hua Yuan Science and Technology Association’s conference called “Survive & Thrive Amidst a Global Economic Crisis: New Opportunities Across China and the US.”

At her quizzical expression, I start to explain that I’m helping out a colleague and that Steve Ballmer, CEO of Microsoft is going to deliver the keynote speech. But suddenly, doubt creeps in to my mind. Why am I doing this? And for that matter, what on earth is Steve Ballmer doing there? I ponder these questions as I drive to Silicon Valley.

My colleague finds me in the crowd, not too difficult considering I am one of the few Anglo faces in a room filled with business folks of Chinese heritage. I take a seat in the crowd, between Stanford and Berkeley grad students. The event begins with a video montage of the HYSTA board.

Shane and Leslie at HYSTA

Shane and Leslie at the HYSTA conference

They speak of their history, accomplishments, programs, the companies & individuals associated with HYSTA and the key message that HYSTA is bigger than the individual parts when it comes to its importance in the rise of Chinese professionals in Silicon Valley. It’s inspired and I contemplate being able to apply the same common value at our company.

Steve Ballmer hits the stage, receiving a big whoop from the Yahoo contingent (how ironic). Ballmer jumps right into it — he is fully there, in the moment. He goes on to weave a story that starts with why China matters to him, and why Silicon Valley matters, how the two are connected and how the technology we know today will be changed by the people in that room.

The Q&A session starts — I’m in the queue behind six people with my question ready, but Ballmer is so engaged in the initial questions that time runs out before I get the chance to ask my question. But wait — he just gave us his email address. Unfathomable — it can’t be right, can it?

In the following six hours, I interact with approximately 100 bright individuals.  Everyone has an interesting story, idea or business to share, including me, because I can help most of these folks accomplish something key to the success of their company: communication. I can help them, whether they need an interpreter in Shanghai, the translation of a patent, voice over work for a commercial or support in launching an international website.  It is motivating, inspiring and fun.

Twelve hours later, I arrive home, exhausted yet invigorated. “How was it?” my wife asks. Amazing. We chat a little before she heads to bed.  I head to my office to do one last thing for the night, an email to Steve Ballmer.

Thirty minutes and 100 proof-reads later, I send my question: What role does locale-specific language play in Microsoft’s success regarding selling in China, and worldwide in general? Do you think it impacts companies of various sizes (startup to F500) in different ways?”

The reply comes two days later. “There is not much more important than being local.” I realize at that moment that the questions I had been trying to answer on my drive to HYSTA have just been answered. That is why he was there, that is why I will be back next year and that is why it is so important to have native language resources to help our clients succeed in the locales of their choice.  I love this industry and I am so happy to have been “local” when it came to HYSTA’s conference.

Category: Technology | Tags: , ,
Leslie Yuen | October 23, 2009
3 comments

China Emerges as a Global Outsourcing Leader

You can read this article in Simplified Chinese or Traditional Chinese.

The Chinese IT Services industry is currently estimated at US$ 23 billion. According to analysts, the market is projected to grow at an annual rate of 30% over the next five years, giving China the remarkable opportunity to overtake India as the outsourcing superpower of the world. It is estimated that by 2015, Chinese outsourcing providers could generate $56 billion in annual revenue.

Worldwide, the strongest global demand for outsourcing services comes primarily from the domestic (Chinese) market, followed by Japan and other Asian countries.  There has been a steady increase in American and European demand for Chinese outsourced services, mostly within the IT & Business Process outsourcing sectors, thus driving Chinese-based outsourcing providers to these regions in droves.

Traditionally, companies have outsourced to China because of the cost & value benefits of its vast and inexpensive talent pool. Today, more and more companies are going to China for many other reasons, including:

  • Language: English proficiency levels are now comparable to India; English proficiency is required for BA and MA degrees.
  • Legal: The Government is passing new laws protecting intellectual property and private ownership and domestic/foreign partnerships.
  • Infrastructure: Utilities and roads are more robust than in India, and bandwidth and office space are plentiful and available at low cost.
At HYSTA 2009

At HYSTA 2009

For these reasons, among others, outsourcing to China has become part of the global strategy of many companies.

Though it’s obvious China has emerged as a global outsourcing leader, within China there is not yet a clear market leader. Perhaps one of the innovative companies that demonstrated their capabilities at last week’s HYSTA 2009 Annual Conference will leap to the forefront as this market explodes in the coming years.

Some companies to keep an eye on include Achievo, Beyondsoft, Freeborders, Neusoft, Symbio, and VanceInfo Technologies to name a few, which have their roots in Software Developers, Systems Integrators, Software Testing and Localization.

HYSTA (Hua Yuan Science and Technology Association) aims to promote entrepreneurialism and career development among Chinese professionals in Silicon Valley, and to facilitate networking and exchange of business ideas among successful Chinese entrepreneurs and executives in the Silicon Valley and mainland China.

Category: Technology | Tags: , ,
Roy Tell | October 23, 2009
One comment

Top 4 Tips for Doing Business in China

Succeed in the Dragon Economy

Succeed in the Dragon Economy

You’ve analyzed all the market possibilities, weighed the pros and cons of each, crunched the numbers and finally reached a decision: your company will expand into China.  Now the hard work begins!

Your success in China will depend on the mode & timing of your entry, your ability to overcome geographical & cultural distances, how well you manage economic & political risk, your finesse in maneuvering through regulatory issues and perfecting the ability to communicate successfully with your local audience.

This is a lot to accomplish. Applied Language Solutions has the people, experience and expertise to help you navigate the process and achieve success in China – and here are a few of the top tips we can offer.

1) Mode of Entry – Choose a Strong Partner

Leslie Yuen, Applied Language’s resident expert on doing business in China, recommends developing an alliance with a reputable company that is already established in China, based in China, or has experience dealing with the Chinese and their cultural nuances. According to Leslie:

“A Chinese partner can provide guidance on legal regulations, locations, workforce assistance and cultural issues. They may also have an infrastructure to help you procure or distribute your product. Those services are invaluable, and while it may cut into your profit margin, it will provide the valuable business acumen needed to hit the ground running.”

2) Understand the Languages and Linguistic Considerations

Many people preparing to do business in China are confused about which version of Chinese they need to use when communicating with Chinese partners & customers or translating documents.

  • Standard Mandarin is the official spoken language of China and Taiwan. With 885 million native speakers, Mandarin has more native speakers than any other language. Since Mandarin is a spoken language, you would request it in situations where you require an interpreter to facilitate communication with a Mandarin speaker.
  • Cantonese is the language spoken in Hong Kong, Macau, and parts of southern China, specifically the province of Guangdong. Like Mandarin, since it is a spoken language, an interpreter would be required to facilitate communication with a Cantonese speaker.
  • Traditional Chinese is one of two standard sets of characters used in the Chinese written language. It is the written form of Chinese used in Taiwan, Hong Kong and Macau. Traditional characters have changed little since the 5th century.
  • Simplified Chinese is the official written form of Chinese used in mainland China and the United Nations. In 1949, the government of the People’s Republic of China introduced simplified Chinese characters to increase literacy. The characters were simplified from Traditional Chinese characters by reducing strokes and merging characters.

There are some additional things to be aware of when translating documents into Chinese. Remember that the fonts you use in your publications may not support Chinese characters.

Keep in mind that text tends to contract when translated from English to Chinese, and expands when translated from Chinese to English. For applications, it is important to ensure your application is internationalized (double-byte enabled to support Chinese characters).

3) Invest in Cultural Training

You WILL confront cultural differences when doing business in China, and these will likely be more acute and critical than any culture differences you’ve ever experienced when conducting business elsewhere in the world.

Intercultural training can help your employees navigate the many cultural and social landmines that could derail your attempts in China. The training will also provide your employees with vital skills necessary to succeed in doing business with the Chinese, such as cross-cultural communication, diversity awareness, cultural sensitivity, adaptability, empathy, uncertainty management, and tolerance for ambiguity.

Applied Language is connected to over a dozen North American based intercultural trainers who specialize in Chinese business culture. Cultural training sessions are always tailored to your unique needs and can include topics such as:

  • Historical Overview
  • Cultural Overview (beliefs, customs, religion)
  • Negotiating
  • Etiquette
  • The Ritual of Business Card Exchange
  • Relationships & Guanxi
  • Language & Communication

4) Have Your Brand Names Analyzed

Consumer goods giants such as Pepsi and KFC are famous for the blunders they made in China with their brands, and though these examples have long been a source of amusement, it’s not very funny when you’re the one losing business and repairing damage to your brand.

Your brand is perhaps your most valuable asset. It’s your identity. You’ve already invested a great deal into it, so it makes sense to invest a bit more to have your brand evaluated before entering new foreign markets.

That’s why Applied Language offers Brand Name Checking services. A brand name analysis addresses the following issues:

  • Prior use of the brand name in the target market
  • Similarity of the brand name to other companies, products or services.
  • Direct translation or similarity of brand name to existing words in target language.
  • Negative cultural connotations or possible offensiveness.
  • Unclear use of colloquial language, slang, or idioms in the brand name or slogan.
  • Ease of pronunciation and recollection.

A Chinese market-specific analysis of your brands ensures accurate representation of your brand image and company message in your foreign markets.

Category: Translation | Tags: , ,
GavinWheeldon | October 21, 2009
2 comments

Should you ban the ‘R’ word from your business?

I read an interesting article in the ATC newsletter today from Larry Gould at TheBigWord who has banned using the word recession in the business, along with no newspapers or outside media.

Now I am a very big believer in positivity in a business, negativity is contagious and has no benefit to anyone and I’m sure we’ve all had it where one person being negative can bring a whole team down. When you get that, it’s not a pleasant place to work and I therefore do not look kindly on anyone at Applied Language Solutions that is negative, gets involved with or creates politics.

Having said that I think positivity has to be balanced with realism and unfortunately we have/are going through one of the worst ever recessions. I think it is important to recognise that, adapt strategies to suit the market conditions and also have some empathy for what your customers are going through. This isn’t possible if you try to ignore, or ask your staff to ignore the fact it is happening. And let’s face it, they’re going to talk about it whether you like it or not. I think healthy debate and honesty with your staff dispels their worries and allows them to get on with their jobs in a “positive” manner.

We have taken on an additional 15 staff in the past couple of months and one of them commented that if the job was voluntary they would still come to work, as it was such a positive place to work, it is something I am very proud of that we have such a great place to work. We also had our IIP assesment recently and the assesor commented that he had arrived in a bad mood due to personal circumstances and by the time he left that day he felt uplifted and couldn’t believe what a great atmosphere we had.

So in short I don’t think you should ban the ‘R’ word, do you?

Category: Business Management | Tags: ,
Lauren Nemec | October 16, 2009
No comments

Webinar: Website Translation Disasters – And the Top 5 Ways to Avoid Them

Join us for a FREE Webinar on October 29th!

button_registerNow

Space is limited.
Reserve your Webinar seat now at:

Greg Rosner

Greg Rosner

https://www2.gotomeeting.com/register/484261651

Greg Rosner, US CEO of Applied Language Solutions, will be presenting a Webinar full of tips on how your organization can develop successful foreign language websites.

*Learn from the mistakes made by other companies – 3 case studies

*Discover how to bulletproof your website localization strategy

*Understand the technologies that will help you develop and sustain a global website

Panelists will include Martha Escobar and Shane Grevin of Applied Language Solutions. Having 20 years of localization industry experience between the two of them, they will bring a wealth of knowledge and expertise to the Webinar discussion.

The Webinar will be held on Thursday, October 29th at 11:00 AM US Central / 12:00 PM EST and will last approximately 60 minutes.

Title:Website Translation Disasters – And the Top 5 Ways to Avoid Them
Date:Thursday, October 29th
Time:11:00 AM – 12:00 PM CDT

After registering you will receive a confirmation email containing information about joining the Webinar.

System Requirements
PC-based attendees
Required: Windows® 2000, XP Home, XP Pro, 2003 Server, Vista
Macintosh®-based attendees
Required: Mac OS® X 10.4 (Tiger®) or newer

For more information about this webinar or Applied Language Solutions, please contact Lauren Nemec at 773-774-1370 or lnemec@appliedlanguage.com.

Category: Translation, Translation Mistakes | Tags:
Matthew Connaughton | October 14, 2009
One comment

Interpreters needed for “Glaswegian”

An unbelievable story doing the rounds today is the one about the newspaper advert from an English translation company who want to hire, wait for it… “interpreters for Glaswegian“.

In what must be the cultural faux pas of the year, the position will cater for (presumably) foreign “visitors whose business English isn’t up to managing the local dialect”. The company’s website says “History shows us several other examples where people have struggled” in response to the ensuing media storm, which is even backed-up by the (Lithuanian) owner’s personal experiences…dontcha know!

I’m beginning to wondering if I’ve missed a whole new market for interpreting. I mean, we’re in a recession. How could I have been so naive?

"Och no!" Glaswegian isn't a language...

"Och no!" Glaswegian: Not a language...

Anyway, to find out if the talk of Glaswegians indeed does need interpreting, I asked Anna Simpkins, ALS Marketing Director – and native Glaswegian – her thoughts:
“It is fair to say that there are a number of coloquialisms that have become part of everyday language in Glasgow.

However, to say that interpreters are in demand for those individuals for whom English is not their first language, seems a little far-fetched.”

Without needing to state the obvious, Anna points to other dialects where indigenous words do exist, adding:  “There are some words that are indigenous to Glasgow which may need to be explained along the way, but the same could be said for words such as “mither” in Lancashire or “laike” in Yorkshire – and they generally don’t cause too much confusion in context.

“In my experience, as with everywhere else in the UK, people adjust their vocabulary and tone for who they are addressing. In fact, rather than slang being the major barrier to communication with Glaswegians, it tends to be our rapid speed of delivery that causes most problems – even with other Scots!”

Ironically (well, if you believe the Glaswegian accent needs dedicated interpretation), it is the Scottish town of Inverness (which is 174 miles north of Glasgow) where the “clearest” Queen’s English is spoken in the UK.

Meanwhile, and more worryingly, it seems the industry completely missed the “Cockney Rhyming Slang” interpretation boat a long time ago…

Category: Interpreting, Languages | Tags: ,
Matthew Connaughton | October 6, 2009
3 comments

How to sell to non-English Speakers: Webinar

Space is limited – Reserve your webinar seat now at

https://googleonline.webex.com/googleonline/onstage/g.php?t=a&d=579311694

Since selling to international markets is something we do with our customers every day (day-in, day-out), we thought it only fitting to deliver our penny’s worth on all things exporting.

So, following on from our launch of Export Box, ALS brings you

“How to sell to non-English speakers” webinar on 27th October at 10am (GMT).

The webinar is part of the Export Series of webinars – a programme of broadcasts by us and our export partners UKTI, Google and Alibaba aimed at getting UK companies exporting.

Through our webinar we will be providing practical advice and imparting some of our hard earned wisdom of communicating to non-English speakers – and we’d like you to be a part of it!

The key topics of the webinar will cover:

  • Top tips for selling to non-English speakers
  • Post sales support for non-english customers
  • Understanding the processes of translation
  • When, if and how to use Machine translation
  • Getting the best out of your translation provider
  • Reducing your translation spend

If you’d like to improve your own dealings with translation, or if you simply want to know what all the fuss is about, just visit this link and you will be sent a confirmation email about joining the event.

Alternatively, lease feel free to pass this on to a colleague or friend, and we look forward to speaking with you all on the 27th.

Category: Languages, Localization | Tags: ,
Matthew Connaughton | October 6, 2009
One comment

Spendthrift or spend-shift? Online advertising overtakes TV…for now.

As a Marketing Manager and one who is, in part, judged by my spending habits, I love online advertising, love it. LOVE IT! And why?

As many CEOs (apart from mine, of course) will eagerly warn, “marketing people will find ways to spend your money”, which may be the truth. Well, half of it anyway…

A recent report by the Interactive Advertising Bureau (IAB) has found that annual advertising fell this year by 16% to £7.5bn and, for the first time in the nuclear age, TV advertising spend was out-paced – by internet advertising.  Online advertising now has a 23.5% market share compared to TV’s 21.9% if this quarter’s figures are to be believed, but this doesn’t represent a true picture, as many cite the recession as the deciding factor in the shift.

With all things recession and with budgets duly squeezed in (ahem) every department imaginable, you’d be forgiven for thinking that marketers have taken to a new form of bargain shopping: Cheaper above the line methods targeted at practically the same mainstream audiences. You’d be right, of course.

However, there’s a key word in there and with it a dead giveaway to the real merits of online advertising – “targeted”.

American Express have bolstered their already huge online presence

American Express already have a huge online presence

The undoubted superiority online advertising has over TV is that your audience can be profiled, targeted and tracked to see what methods work and, more crucially, which of them don’t.

Now, ALS has never led a multi-million pound TV advertising campaign, actually neither have any of our competitors (that’s not the point I’m trying to make here), but there’s much to be said for the ‘bundling’ of internet advertising. What get’s thrown in to support your initial advertising spend for, lets say flash video, which you can broadcast online and even optimise now thanks, to the might of Google, presents the kind of value TV simply cannot match in its present form.

With each online banner advert, video or editorial comes an array of extras such as email marketing which spares your own companys SPAM listing, profile pages, site-wide links – not to mention forgetful administrators who don’t “no-follow” your links (thanks).

It is little wonder then, given the economic squeeze and the importance of ROI, that marketers are looking to added value for their budget and are thus migrating their spend to focus online.

Blogging: 'Stealth' marketing at its best

Blogging: Too big a subject to cover in just one post, but this begins to sum up its value!

However much online spending may be on the increase and a vital part of any modern marketing function, I doubt this shift in advertising spend will last until this time next year.

Since recessions are thankfully finite, I can say without doubt that the ambition of marketers with big bugdets at their disposal are not.

So, as much as this news may have threatened to shake the advertising industry to its core, don’t believe the hype just yet (leave it until well after the recession).

Meanwhile, if you want another reason why I love online advertising, just take a look at this (funny?) video I produced using a new tool our CEO found.

In between dicussing potential (proper) uses for it, such as supporting our customers in using our services, or development of interpreters, I’ve parodied a scene you might find in the slapstick world of DIY translation (canned laughter and dodgy accents optional)…

Category: Business Management | Tags: , ,
Lauren Nemec | October 2, 2009
One comment

The Languages of the Former Yugoslavia

By Lauren Nemec

05cnd-prexy-600

With a collective population of over 23 million (greater than that of Australia), the countries of the former Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia are becoming very attractive to exporters and investors, as they advance toward full EU membership and enjoy increasing stability and prosperity.

Though the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia has ceased to exist, the ramifications of the tumultuous changes that occurred throughout the region in decades past continue even today. One aspect that continues to be a controversial and touchy subject in the region is the language. Today, many people find it difficult to understand the differences between Serbo-Croatian, Croatian, Serbian, Bosnian, Slovenian, Macedonian, Montenegrin, etc.

While the differences between the languages are usually not significant enough to prevent basic understanding between speakers, they can create the potential for significant challenges for a company translating documents targeting this region. If you are interested in selling into these markets, it is important to understand the language complexities of the region.

Serbo-Croatian
For many years, “Serbo-Croatian” was the standard, official language used in the former Yugoslavia. However, some would say it was more of a “pseudo language” that was created by communists to smooth over nationalistic feelings in the region. The term “Serbo-Croatian” is not widely used today; it is sometimes used as an umbrella term to represent a similar family of languages. It is not considered a language, since there are now official, standard and separate languages and many people in the region would find the term to be politically incorrect or offensive.

Serbia and Croatia
Serbian is understood in Serbia, Bosnia, and Croatia. Croatian is understood in Croatia, Bosnia and Serbia. Spoken Serbian and Croatian are virtually interchangeable, meaning Serbs and Croats understand each other. However, due to ethnic tensions between the two groups, and because a translation done in Serbian would be obvious to a Croat (and vice versa) a document targeted for both regions should be done in both languages. The same can be said for Bosnian. Though it can be understood in Serbia and Croatia, a Bosnian translation should be used only for the Bosnian market.

Croats are wary of any foreign influence on Croatian. They tend to be protective and purist regarding their language. As a result, Croatian, unlike Serbian, tends not to use loan words or foreign words, but will instead create its own words. For example, the English word “computer” in Serbian would be “kompjuter” – a phonetic spelling of the English word. Instead of borrowing the foreign term, the Croatians have coined the term “računalo”.

Case Study

A company in the telecommunications industry had a document translated from English into Croatian. The translator came back with a question regarding treatment of the English word “router”. In his words, “Croatian terminology in [the telecommunications field] is still under development and far from being standardized.” The translator presented the customer with a choice of three Croatian terms for the word “router”: router, ruter, and usmjernik, representing the foreign term, the phonetically adapted term, and the new Croatian word, respectively. In this case, the most appropriate term would have been “usmjernik”, as it gives proper meaning while also representing the spirit of the Croatian language.

As this case study illustrates, languages in the former Yugoslavia are constantly evolving, presenting us with new challenges in selecting the most appropriate terminology.

Bosnia and Herzegovina
The population of Bosnia and Herzegovina is made up of three ethnic groups- Muslim, Croatian, and Serbian. The Muslim group of Bosnia (known as Bosniaks) calls their language Bosnian. However, the Croatian and Serbian groups of Bosnia speak Croatian and Serbian, respectively. All three languages are Bosnia and Herzegovina’s official languages. So what is the best language for a document for this market? It depends exactly what is being translated, but unless a client has a very specific target market within Bosnia and Herzegovina, the best bet is Bosnian.

Montenegro
Montenegrins speak one of the newest languages in the world – Montenegrin – which was made the official language of Montenegro in 2007 and standardized in July 2009. Before it was an official language, Montenegrin was considered to be a heavy dialect of Serbian. In fact, most citizens speak Serbian, which used to be the official language. Whether or not “Montenegrin” would become an official language of Montenegro was a very controversial issue in the country for years and it continues to be a hot topic. Like other languages in the region, Montenegrin is continuously changing. In fact, two new letters were just accepted into its alphabet in July 2009! Until the next census, it may remain unclear whether or not the majority will shift from Serbian speakers to Montenegrin speakers. Translations into Montenegrin can certainly be done and would please speakers and supporters of the new language, but translations into Serbian may also be a good bet for Montenegro.

Macedonia
The primary official language of the Republic of Macedonia is Macedonian. Macedonian is the most widely spoken language in the country, though many other languages are also spoken. Macedonian is sufficient for translation destined for this region. However, the rapidly increasing Albanian population in Macedonia could lead to an increasing need for Albanian-language documents in the future.

Slovenia
Translations for Slovenia should be done in the official language of Slovenian. Macedonians and Slovenians who were educated during the period of Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia will be able to understand both Serbian and Croatian, but others educated after the mid-1980′s will not. Therefore, Croatian and Serbian translations will not work for these countries.

Languages of the Former Yugoslavia- Quick Reference Table

Country

Language for Translation

Alphabet

Bosnia & HerzegovinaBosnianLatin
CroatiaCroatianLatin
MacedoniaMacedonianCyrillic
MontenegroSerbian/MontenegrinLatin
SerbiaSerbianCyrillic or Latin
SloveniaSlovenianLatin
Category: Languages, Translation | Tags: , , , , , ,